Hepatology
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See the full rubric →CPS1: a multipurpose mitochondrial enzyme, bile protein, acute liver injury biomarker, and cytokine.
Clinical takeawaySerum CPS1 is an emerging biomarker in acetaminophen-related acute liver failure; however, this review does not address whether testing is commercially available or how CPS1 results compare to or improve upon established ALF prognostic criteria (King's College Criteria, INR, lactate). Specific management actions triggered by CPS1 elevation are not defined. CPS1 deficiency is a rare genetic disease managed by metabolic specialists. Cancer roles are mechanistic; no clinical recommendations for cancer management follow from this review.
What it foundCPS1 is a mitochondrial enzyme normally absent from serum; it is selectively released and readily detectable during acute liver failure with a 1-2 hour half-life, positioning it as an emerging prognostic indicator. CPS1 genetic deficiency causes neonatal hyperammonemia and encephalopathy. CPS1 has mechanistic roles in cancer via metabolic reprogramming and immune modulation.
ContextCPS1 has been understood primarily as a urea-cycle enzyme; this review integrates emerging understanding of its roles as a liver-injury biomarker, immune modulator, and potential cancer target, expanding its relevance beyond genetic disease diagnosis.
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Chen L … Omary MB · Gut · IF 24.6 · PubMed ↗